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Saturday, April 22, 2023

Reading Passages: Women of STEM

Title: Beyond the Stereotypes: Celebrating Women in STEM

Have you ever heard someone say that girls aren't good at math or science? Or that boys are better at building things? These stereotypes are not only untrue, but they can also be harmful. They make some girls feel like they don't belong in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields.

But the truth is, women are making amazing contributions in STEM. They're inventing new technologies, discovering cures for diseases, and solving some of the world's biggest problems. And they're doing it all while breaking down stereotypes and inspiring future generations of female scientists and engineers.

Let's take a look at just a few examples of the incredible women in STEM who are changing the world:
  • Dr. Hayat Sindi: This Saudi Arabian scientist is a microbiologist who has developed a portable lab that can diagnose diseases in remote areas. She's also an advocate for women in STEM and has founded a non-profit organization to support female scientists in the Middle East.
Dr. Hayat Sindi is a microbiologist who was born in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. From a young age, she was interested in science and dreamed of becoming a scientist. She studied at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, where she earned a degree in Pharmacology. She went on to earn a Ph.D. in Biotechnology from Cambridge University in the UK.

One of Dr. Sindi's most significant contributions to science is the development of a portable lab that can diagnose diseases in remote areas. This lab, called the Diagnostics-in-a-Suitcase, contains all the necessary equipment and reagents to diagnose infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and hepatitis B and C. The lab is lightweight and easy to transport, making it ideal for use in areas with limited access to medical facilities.

Dr. Sindi's work on the Diagnostics-in-a-Suitcase has been recognized with numerous awards and honors, including being named a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador for science education and the first Arab female fellow of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

In addition to her scientific work, Dr. Sindi is a strong advocate for women in STEM fields. She has founded a non-profit organization called i2 Institute, which supports entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa by providing them with mentorship, training, and funding. The i2 Institute also has a specific focus on supporting women in STEM fields, and has provided scholarships and mentorship to hundreds of female scientists and entrepreneurs in the region.

Dr. Sindi's work as a scientist and advocate for women in STEM has made her a role model for women around the world. She has inspired many young girls and women to pursue careers in science and has shown that it is possible to overcome cultural and societal barriers to achieve success in STEM fields.

In recognition of her contributions to science and advocacy for women in STEM, Dr. Sindi has been awarded numerous accolades and honors, including being named one of TIME magazine's 100 most influential people in the world. She continues to be an inspiration and a force for positive change in the world of science and beyond.
  • Mary Jackson: As the first Black female engineer at NASA, Mary Jackson helped break down barriers for women and people of color in STEM. She worked on projects that helped make space travel safer for astronauts and inspired future generations of female engineers.
Mary Jackson was a trailblazing scientist and engineer who was born and raised in Virginia. She graduated from high school at the top of her class and went on to earn a degree in mathematics and physical science from Hampton Institute, now known as Hampton University. After college, Jackson taught mathematics in Maryland before moving to Virginia, where she worked as a secretary and bookkeeper.

In 1951, Jackson was recruited by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later became NASA, as a human computer in the West Area Computing unit. She and her fellow human computers calculated complex mathematical equations by hand, which were then used to design and test aircraft.

Jackson was a natural leader and quickly rose through the ranks at NACA. She was encouraged by her supervisor to take graduate-level classes in engineering at the University of Virginia, but she faced significant obstacles as a Black woman. Despite the racial segregation of the time, Jackson persisted and became the first Black woman to earn an engineering degree from the University of Virginia.

As an engineer at NASA, Jackson worked on a variety of projects that helped make space travel safer for astronauts. She analyzed data from wind tunnel tests to improve the design of aircraft and helped develop systems for the Supersonic Transport Program. Her expertise in aerodynamics was critical to the success of several space programs, including the Apollo missions to the moon.

Jackson also used her position to advocate for equal opportunities for women and people of color in STEM fields. She mentored and supported other women and minorities at NASA, and she worked to remove barriers to their advancement. Her efforts helped pave the way for future generations of female engineers and scientists.

In recognition of her contributions to science and advocacy for equal opportunities in STEM, Jackson was honored with numerous awards and accolades, including the Apollo Group Achievement Award and the Congressional Gold Medal. Her story was also immortalized in the book and film "Hidden Figures," which celebrated the contributions of Black female mathematicians and engineers at NASA.

Mary Jackson's legacy as a pioneering scientist and advocate for diversity in STEM continues to inspire people around the world. She broke down barriers and opened doors for future generations of women and people of color to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Her contributions to the field of aerospace engineering and her dedication to equal opportunity have left a lasting impact on the world of science and beyond.
  • Dr. Frances Arnold: This American scientist won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2018 for her work in developing enzymes that can be used to create sustainable fuels and materials. She's also a strong advocate for diversity and inclusion in STEM fields.
Dr. Frances Arnold is a renowned scientist, chemical engineer, and advocate for diversity in STEM. She was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and grew up in a family of scientists and engineers. She received her bachelor's degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Princeton University and her PhD in chemical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley.

Arnold's groundbreaking work in the field of directed evolution earned her the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2018. Her research focused on developing enzymes that could be used to create sustainable fuels and materials. By manipulating the DNA of microorganisms, Arnold and her team were able to create new enzymes with unique properties that could be used to produce environmentally-friendly products.

In addition to her groundbreaking scientific research, Arnold has been a strong advocate for diversity and inclusion in STEM fields. She has spoken out about the importance of providing equal opportunities for women and underrepresented minorities in science and engineering, and has actively worked to support these groups throughout her career.

Arnold has been a vocal advocate for programs that promote diversity and inclusion in STEM fields, such as the National Science Foundation's ADVANCE program, which aims to increase the representation of women in academic science and engineering careers. She has also been involved in the formation of several organizations dedicated to promoting diversity and inclusion in science, including the National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine.

Arnold's contributions to the field of science have earned her numerous awards and accolades, including the National Medal of Technology and Innovation, the Charles Stark Draper Prize from the National Academy of Engineering, and the Millennium Technology Prize. She has also been elected to the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Through her groundbreaking scientific research and advocacy for diversity and inclusion in STEM, Dr. Frances Arnold has made a significant impact on the field of chemical engineering and the broader scientific community. Her work has the potential to transform the way we produce sustainable fuels and materials, and her dedication to promoting diversity and inclusion in STEM fields will continue to inspire and empower the next generation of scientists and engineers.
  • Dr. Mae Jemison: In 1992, Dr. Jemison became the first Black woman to travel in space. She's also a physician, engineer, and advocate for science education.

Dr. Mae Jemison is an accomplished woman who has made significant contributions in various fields. In 1992, she made history as the first Black woman to travel in space, serving as a mission specialist aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour. Her mission, which lasted over a week, involved conducting various experiments related to life sciences and material sciences in space.

Before becoming an astronaut, Dr. Jemison studied chemical engineering at Stanford University, and then went on to earn a medical degree from Cornell University. She later worked as a general practitioner, but her love for space exploration remained strong. After being selected as one of the 15 candidates out of over 2,000 applicants for NASA's astronaut program, she trained for over a year and a half, undergoing rigorous physical and mental tests, to become an astronaut.

Dr. Jemison's journey to space and her accomplishments as an astronaut are not her only noteworthy achievements. She is also a passionate advocate for science education, particularly among girls and underrepresented communities. She has worked with organizations such as the National Science Foundation and the World Health Organization to promote STEM education and improve access to healthcare in developing countries.

In addition to her work in space exploration and education, Dr. Jemison is also a trained dancer and has appeared in an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation. She has been recognized for her achievements with numerous awards and honors, including induction into the National Women's Hall of Fame and the International Space Hall of Fame.

Overall, Dr. Mae Jemison is an inspiration to many, both for her groundbreaking achievements in space exploration and her tireless efforts to promote education and equity in STEM fields. Her legacy serves as a reminder that with hard work and dedication, anyone can reach for the stars and achieve their dreams.
These women, and countless others like them, are proving that anyone can excel in STEM fields, regardless of gender or background. They're breaking down stereotypes and inspiring the next generation of female scientists and engineers.

So if you're a girl who loves math or science, don't let anyone tell you that you can't pursue a career in STEM. You can do anything you set your mind to, and the world needs your talents and ideas. Let's celebrate and support women in STEM, and continue to break down stereotypes for good.

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