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Distributed re-practice has been shown to be more effective for long-term retention than massed practice, where the material is studied in a single, concentrated session (block). This is because distributed re-practice allows for more opportunities for the brain to consolidate and strengthen the memory path over time. This is even more effective with a break between sessions.
Another technique that can optimize learning and memory is called proactive processing, which involves actively trying to retrieve information from memory on a regular basis. This can be done through techniques like self-testing or flashcards, which force the brain to work to retrieve information from memory.
By combining distributed re-practice and proactive processing, learners can create an optimal environment for long-term learning and memory. This approach allows for multiple opportunities for the brain to process and encode information, as well as multiple opportunities to retrieve and strengthen those memories over time.
The program uses a systematic approach to teach students the foundational skills needed for reading and writing, including letter recognition, phonemic awareness, phonics, spelling, and handwriting. Lessons are typically 30 minutes long and are taught every day.
Fundations is based on the Orton-Gillingham approach to teaching literacy, which emphasizes the use of multisensory techniques to engage all learning pathways. This means that students use their visual, auditory, and kinesthetic senses to learn and remember new concepts.
The program is structured around a set sequence of skills, and lessons build on each other in a cumulative way. Each lesson typically includes a variety of activities, such as interactive whiteboard activities, games, and worksheets, designed to reinforce the skills being taught.
Overall, Fundations is designed to provide a solid foundation in phonics and literacy skills, which will enable students to read and write more confidently and accurately.
Note: The schedule is subject to change and may vary based on the school's specific curriculum and policies.
This schedule includes a focus on ELA and Math skills, while also incorporating regular recess breaks and all normal special classes. The morning meeting (Morning Assembly) and daily review provides a consistent routine to start the day, and the schedule is designed to optimize learning and memory through distributed practice over the week. It also includes opportunities for hands-on learning through science and social studies, and technology and computer skills are incorporated to prepare students for the digital world.
Here are some of the key components and parts of Fundations:
Phonological and Phonemic Awareness: This is the foundational skill that underlies all phonics instruction in Fundations. Students learn to hear and identify sounds in words, syllables, and individual phonemes.
Letter-Sound Correspondence: Students are taught the relationships between letters and their corresponding sounds. They also learn how to blend and segment sounds to form and decode words.
Vocabulary: Fundations includes a systematic approach to teaching vocabulary, which focuses on teaching high-utility words that students are likely to encounter in their reading and writing.
Fluency: Students practice reading words, phrases, and sentences with accuracy, automaticity, and expression.
Comprehension: Fundations includes instruction in comprehension strategies, such as making connections, predicting, questioning, summarizing, and monitoring understanding.
Spelling: Students learn spelling rules and patterns, and practice applying them in their writing.
Handwriting: Fundations includes instruction in manuscript handwriting, as well as a transition to cursive in later grades.
Grammar: Students learn basic grammar concepts, such as parts of speech and sentence structure, and practice applying them in their writing.
Teacher Support: Fundations provides teachers with comprehensive materials, including lesson plans, teacher manuals, and ongoing professional development, to support effective instruction.
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