When emotions get heated, reason disappears and the fight or flight response takes over, the discussion is over and the argument is on! Facts are the foundation of rational thought, opinions are rarely changed with unemotional dry facts. Reason is the capacity for consciously making sense of beliefs, ideas, facts and yes opinions. Applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying new activities, rational or irrational intuitions, and beliefs based on new or existing information. Stating an argument and opinion are closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, Socratic dialogue, science, language, mathematics, and art and is normally considered to be a definitive characteristic of human nature.Monday, March 30, 2015
Winning Arguments vs. Winning Discussions
When emotions get heated, reason disappears and the fight or flight response takes over, the discussion is over and the argument is on! Facts are the foundation of rational thought, opinions are rarely changed with unemotional dry facts. Reason is the capacity for consciously making sense of beliefs, ideas, facts and yes opinions. Applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying new activities, rational or irrational intuitions, and beliefs based on new or existing information. Stating an argument and opinion are closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, Socratic dialogue, science, language, mathematics, and art and is normally considered to be a definitive characteristic of human nature.Thursday, March 26, 2015
Buddy, Partner or Paired Reading Anchor Charts
Paired or Buddy reading is a powerful reading strategy in all grades. Many years of research show that it improves reading fluency, expression and word knowledge. The reading strategy is used to help struggling readers or emergent readers who lack fluency. This reading strategy is fast and simple and gets results fast, my students read aloud to each other daily. The buddy readers face back to front like cops cars, they monitor each others reading and finger tracking as they read.
Strategy: Buddy Reading
Definition: A more skilled reader models fluent reading for a less skilled reader, as in student-adult reading.
Implementation Suggestions:
This strategy can be coupled with independent reading in which some students read independently and others read in pairs.
If possible, have a struggling reader in your class buddy read to a younger student at a lower grade level. With parental support, your students can practice reading at home to younger siblings or other younger relatives.
Buddy reading gives students an opportunity to read aloud. It is an effective strategy to practice oral reading fluency in preparation for an assessment.
Just like independent reading, make sure you give students a purpose for buddy reading, as well as a skill or strategy to focus on.

[PDF]Paired reading schemes: a teacher toolkit - National Literacy Trust
A paired reading scheme involves one pupil (the tutor) supporting another ... One of the first and most important tasks to do when setting up a reading buddy scheme ..... They are not responsible for the irpartner's attainment or reading level.
USING READING BUDDIES TO DEVELOP AND ENHANCE ... - PBS
Reading buddies programs are an excellent way to address the learning needs of both ... Each buddy pair plays a word game or activity that promotes better ...
[PDF]Brief Partner reading - Evidence-Based Intervention Network
Partner Reading is a research‐based intervention that has been proven to increase ... Higher performing students are paired with students who are having.
[PDF]Fluency Intervention: Partner Reading
Pair higher-performing readers with lower-performing readers for fluency practice. To do this, rank the ... Model and explain Partner Reading procedures below.
[PDF]Does Buddy Reading Improve 1 DOES BUDDY READING - Northwest ...
fluency rates of third-grade students who participated in a buddy reading program .... programs have been also been termed: paired reading, book buddies, big .... teaching partner, “They take the stories home with them on the weekends and ...
[DOC]Using Peer Reading to Increase Reading Comprehension Scores
Not only does partner reading allow the students time to interact with their ... They are paired with apartner to journal about text being read together. .....
*Buddy Reading buddy reading.docx Download
*Fluency Routines fluency routines.docx Download
*Recorded Reading recorded reading.docx Download
*Repeated Reading repeated reading.docx Download
*Phrasing Introduction phrasing introduction.docx Download
Tuesday, March 24, 2015
Student Reading Anchor Charts Ideas
Reading Anchor charts are a visual chart to support, build and reinforce essential reading skills and comprehension strategies in the classroom before, during or after reading instruction.
Purpose |
• Anchor charts build a culture of literacy in the classroom, as teachers and students make thinking visible by recording content, strategies, processes, cues, and guidelines during the learning process.
• Posting anchor charts keeps relevant and current learning accessible to students to remind them of prior learning and to enable them to make connections as new learning happens.
• Students refer to the charts and use them as tools as they answer questions, expand ideas, or contribute to discussions and problem-solving in class. from Expeditionary Learning is committed to creating classrooms where teachers can fulfill their highest aspirations and where students can achieve more than they think possible. Complete Anchor Chart Handout
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| Reading Anchor Chart Ideas? More on the way! |
Saturday, March 21, 2015
"Somewhere in America" Changing the World, One Word at a Time!
Changing the World, One Word at a Time! | The Queen Latifah Show
Get Lit is dedicated to bringing the power of poetic expression to at risk teens through a standards-based curriculum fusing classic literature and poetry with contemporary Spoken Word performance techniques. Get Lit’s programs are designed to boost literacy, foster cultural understanding, and encourage creative self-expression. By immersing teens in the world of great books (often for the first time), Get Lit equips students for future success in college and the workplace by building concise writing skills and dynamic public speaking abilities and a foundation of self-confidence.
Friday, March 20, 2015
Social Emotional Brain Breaks
Nonsecular schools used to have daily readings of the Bible, fables, fairy tales and or morals based literature that helped students develop empathy, morals, wisdom and grace. Students need to understand that being grateful, caring, compassionate and selfless are just as important or more important than academic skills development. Social emotional education and morals classes are needed more today than in the past. A fun way that I build emotional intelligence in my class is share heart warming "nonsecular" videos and discussing their message.
Thursday, March 19, 2015
Student Checklist CCSS Reading, Math and Writing
Highlights of Checklist for Improvement in all aspects of Student Work!
- Checklists for Teachers to Use in Classroom Management
- Checklist for Daily Housekeeping Duties in the Classroom . . . . . . . . . . . .78
- Checklist for Behavior Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
- Citizenship and Manners Checklist for a Class . . . . . .80
- Generic Skills Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
- Anecdotal Record for Referral to Special Education . .82
- Checklist for Ordering and Using Technology . . . . . . .85
- Checklist for an IEP Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
- Checklist for Planning a Field Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
- Checklist for Documenting Accommodations for Special Needs Students . . . . . . . .88
I use a student behavior checklist with all my intermediate students! We reward exemplary behavior and have consequence for undesirable behavior. When you have 30 plus students you may need that little extra to maintain control.
Student Behavior Checklist doc.
Students Behavior Checklist Google Doc.
Mr. Taylor's Home School Connection!
Student Behavior Tickets for Continued Rule Violations
Student Red Card Doc
More Students Behavior Plans and Checklist
STUDENT OBSERVATION TOOLS pdf.
BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST doc.
STUDENT BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST
Student Behavior Checklist doc. I like this one!
Teaching Students Manners and Etiquette
The importance of manners and etiquette in schools can mean success or failure. My father taught me the importance of manners through his disciplined caring approach. Manners he explained are in short being humble and selfless, they show family, teachers, friends, and strangers that you care and respect them. Putting others first is not a concept some students or even parents will understand or take to heart but over time they see the true gift of manners. Teaching students and sometimes parents the golden rule is more important today than it has ever been in our history. "One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself" Being polite, being friendly, being selfless, being responsible and disciplined are keys to a harmonious classroom.
I use a reward and punishment model to bring balance and some semblance of harmony the first weeks and months of school. Many students and parents chafe under the rules and discipline. Even simple rules like raise your hand or listen quietly while the teachers is giving directions is nye impossible for some. All students are given a weekly behavior log that tracks good behavior and areas that need work. We also practice NASCAR transitions and just like NASCAR they are practiced to perfection. Most classroom transitions can be done in under 30 seconds.
Classroom Expectations:
1. Be polite and well-mannered at all times.
2. Listen vigilantly to the teacher at all times.
3. Be responsible and focused at all times.
4. Be ready to learn and use class time wisely.
Excerpts From Behavior Log:
Areas to commend: Earn Extra Stars
exceptional work ethic
superb manners
great class leader and helper
Areas of Concern: Lose Stars
homework and papers are not signed and returned
incomplete or missing homework
staying on task / not paying attention
choosing not to work
unkind or mean to others
disrespectful or rude
interrupting the teacher
bad attitude
showing off
disrupting others / talking out in class
not following directions
Areas to Work On: Earn Knowledge
neatness and/or organization
multiplication facts
division facts
vocabulary knowledge
writing and sentence fluency
Parent’s signature__________________________
Consequence
|
Logical Consequence
|
Removal from the group or “time out in the responsibility room”
|
“When you play and act silly with your partner it distracts me from teaching and others from learning. Would you like to stay with your partner or go to the responsibility room where it is quiet? It’s your decision.”
|
Stay in for recess
|
“This is the time I have scheduled to do reading and writing. It is very important that you read so you can learn as much as you can. Recess is the scheduled time to play and talk to your friends. If you talk and play now, the only other time to finish reading is at recess. It’s your decision.”
|
STUDENT TICKESTS
My consequence for showing a lack of Character:
Lunch detention will be assigned until I receive 10 hand written copies of “There are two ways of living” Any parties or fun Friday activities will be missed until behavior has improved and the copy is completed.
Student signature_________________________________
Parent signature __________________________________
S.T.O.P ! Teachers Mean What They Say!
- Work Hard (Paying attention and doing your best is essential for success)
- Be Courteous (Being a positive role model is the highest honor!)
- Verbal Reminders of the Rules
- Critical Warning | Two ways of living Ticket | “Write why you received the ticket!”
- Second Critical Warning | S.T.O.P. Ticket | Official Referral and 5 Paragraph Essay
Students Advice: Bill Gates on Real Life
Bill Gates recently gave a speech at a High School about
11 things they did not and will not learn in school . He
talks about how feel-good, politically correct teachings
created a generation of kids with no concept of reality and
how this concept set them up for failure in the real world.
Rule 1 : Life is not fair - get used to it!
Rule 2: The world won't care about your self-esteem. The
world will expect you to accomplish something BEFORE you
feel good about yourself.
Rule 3: You will NOT make $60,000 a year right out of high
school. You won't be a vice-president with a car phone
until you earn both.
Rule 4: If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get
a boss.
Rule 5: Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your
Grandparents had a different word for burger flipping:
they called it opportunity.
Rule 6: If you mess up, it's not your parents' fault, so don't
whine about your mistakes, learn from them.
Rule 7: Before you were born, your parents weren't as
boring as they are now. They got that way from paying
your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk
about how cool you thought you were. So before you save
the rain forest from the parasites of your parent's
generation, try delousing the closet in your own room.
Rule 8: Your school may have done away with winners and
losers, but life HAS NOT. In some schools, they have
abolished failing grades and they'll give you as MANY
TIMES as you want to get the right answer. This doesn't
bear the slightest resemblance to ANYTHING in real life.
Rule 9: Life is not divided into semesters. You don't get
summers off and very few employers are interested in
helping you FIND YOURSELF. Do that on your own time.
Rule 10: Television is NOT real life. In real life people
actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.
Rule 11: Be nice to nerds. Chances are you'll end up
working for one.
Saturday, March 14, 2015
Opinion Sentence Starters Openers
ELA Writing Resource · Grades 4–12 · CCSS Aligned
The Writer's Arsenal:
Opinion, Argument & Persuasion
A comprehensive classroom reference for sentence starters, signal words, transitions, rhetorical strategies, and the thinking behind why persuasive writing is the most powerful skill a student can master.
Why Persuasive Writing Matters
Persuasive and argumentative writing is not merely an academic exercise — it is the foundation of civic life, professional communication, and intellectual leadership. When students learn to construct a clear claim, support it with evidence, and anticipate opposing views, they are developing one of the most transferable skills in existence.
"The pen is mightier than the sword — but only when wielded with structure, evidence, and empathy for the reader."
— Adapted from Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1839Civic Engagement
Democracy depends on citizens who can articulate, debate, and evaluate arguments. Persuasive writing trains the next generation of voters, advocates, and leaders.
Career Readiness
From cover letters and proposals to reports and presentations, every professional context demands clear, reasoned argumentation. It is the currency of the workplace.
Critical Thinking
Constructing an argument forces a writer to examine evidence, identify logical fallacies, and engage with counterarguments — skills that transfer to every discipline.
Media Literacy
Students who understand how persuasion works are far better equipped to detect bias, propaganda, and manipulation in the media they consume daily.
Standardized Tests
Argumentative writing is central to ELA assessments including the EOG, SAT Essay, AP Language & Composition, and ACT Writing. Mastery pays off directly.
Social Power
Those who argue well shape culture. From op-eds to social media, the ability to persuade gives writers a platform and a voice that resonates beyond the classroom.
The Four Rhetorical Foundations
Every effective argument draws on one or more of the classical rhetorical appeals, first articulated by Aristotle over 2,300 years ago. Understanding these modes gives writers a strategic toolkit for adapting their message to any audience.
Appeal to the writer's authority, expertise, and trustworthiness. Readers must believe the writer before they can be persuaded.
Appeal to the reader's feelings, values, and imagination. Emotion is the engine that drives people from understanding to action.
Appeal to reason, data, and evidence. Facts, statistics, and logical structure give an argument its backbone and credibility.
Appeal to the urgency or relevance of the moment. The most persuasive arguments show why this issue matters right now.
Sentence Starters & Openers
Hover over any starter to highlight it. Use these as springboards — never copy them blindly. The goal is to internalize the pattern so you can generate your own fluently.
🟡 Stating Your Claim or Opinion
These openers establish your position clearly and confidently. A strong thesis sets the whole essay in motion.
🔴 Introducing Counterclaims
Acknowledging the other side is not weakness — it is intellectual honesty. Addressing counterclaims earns reader trust and strengthens your own position.
🟢 Introducing Evidence & Support
Evidence is the muscle of your argument. These starters help you introduce facts, examples, statistics, and expert opinions smoothly.
🔵 Concluding & Restating
A strong conclusion does not just repeat — it elevates. These starters help you close with conviction and leave a lasting impression.
Transition Words & Signal Phrases
Transitions are the connective tissue of an argument. Without them, ideas feel disconnected and choppy. With them, an essay flows with logical momentum that carries the reader forward.
Annotated Example Sentences
The following examples show sentence starters and transitions in action, with key phrases highlighted. Notice how each sentence type serves a specific structural purpose in an argument.
I strongly believe that schools should extend the lunch period to at least 40 minutes, as students who eat under time pressure perform measurably worse on afternoon assessments.
According to a 2022 study by the American Academy of Pediatrics, students given fewer than 20 minutes to eat consumed significantly less food. This is further supported by data showing that hunger is directly correlated with attention lapses in the classroom.
Some people argue that extending lunch would require cutting valuable instructional time. While it is true that time is precious in the school day, the research suggests that well-nourished students learn more efficiently — making every instructional minute more productive.
On the contrary, the evidence demonstrates that a longer lunch period is not a luxury but a necessity. Furthermore, schools that have adopted extended lunch periods report improvements in both behavior and academic performance.
For the reasons above, it is clear that extending the school lunch period is a straightforward policy change with far-reaching benefits. Ultimately, when we invest in students' basic wellbeing, we invest in their capacity to learn.
Pro Tips for Stronger Arguments
- 01Lead with your strongest point, not your weakest. Many student writers "save the best for last," but readers are most attentive at the beginning. Hook them with your best evidence first.
- 02Never ignore the counterargument. Addressing the opposing view shows intellectual honesty and prevents the reader from dismissing you. The best arguers anticipate objections and neutralize them.
- 03Vary your sentence starters. Starting every sentence with "I believe" becomes monotonous and signals limited vocabulary. Mix claims, evidence starters, transitions, and rhetorical questions.
- 04Distinguish opinion from fact. "I think cats are better than dogs" is opinion. "Cats require less daily exercise than dogs" is a verifiable claim. Know which you're making — and only argue opinions with evidence.
- 05Use specific, credible evidence. Avoid vague appeals like "studies show" without citing what study. Named sources, statistics, and specific examples are far more persuasive than generalizations.
- 06Your conclusion should do more than repeat. A strong closing expands the stakes — showing why this argument matters beyond the page. End with a call to action, a challenge, or a wider implication.
- 07Read your argument aloud. If it sounds clunky or choppy, add transitions. If a sentence doesn't connect to your main claim, cut it. Every sentence should earn its place.
- 08Know your audience. A persuasive letter to a school board needs a different tone than an essay for a friend. Adjust your vocabulary, examples, and emotional appeals to fit who is actually reading.
Standards Alignment & Resources
This guide is aligned to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) for English Language Arts, specifically the Writing strand, Anchor Standard 1: Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
Key CCSS Writing Standards (W.1)
Grades 3–5: Introduce a topic, state an opinion, supply reasons supported by facts and details, and provide a concluding statement.
Grades 6–8: Introduce claims, acknowledge counterclaims, organize reasons and evidence logically, use credible sources, and establish a formal style.
Grades 9–12: Develop substantive claims, use sophisticated counterclaim strategies, employ varied syntax and rhetorical techniques, and build cohesion across the argument.
Recommended External Resources
The following are reputable, freely available resources for further instruction:
Official Standards & Frameworks
📘 Common Core ELA Writing Standards — The official CCSS writing standards by grade level.
📗 ReadWriteThink (ILA/NCTE) — Lesson plans and interactive tools for argument and opinion writing.
📙 Edutopia: Writing — Research-based teaching strategies for persuasive and argumentative writing.
📕 Achieve the Core — Free CCSS-aligned lessons including argument writing models.
📓 Purdue OWL: Argumentative Essays — Comprehensive university-level guide to argument structure.
📒 Khan Academy: Introduction to Arguments — Free, self-paced lessons on argumentation for students.
- My opinion is...
- My first point is...
- To begin I would like to say, claim, argue . . .
- Have you ever thought about..., this way...
- I suspect my initial thoughts are...
- The lack of facts leaves me...
- Do you need a second opinion . .?
- Do you think that...?
- You might think,believe, feel, that . .
- Isn’t it time to seek a practical, provable, simple truth...
- Only a fool would believe that...
- Some believe, feel, think...
- My argument, claim, assertion, declaration, is...
- I strongly think, believe, feel...
- The best way, method, idea, is...
- A common argument is...
- Suspend your disbelief when I tell you...
- Of course, I believe...
- Most critics agree/disagree that...
- The worst way, method, idea, is...
- My claim is...
- My counterclaim is...
- Here are more, some, two, reasons why...
- Bottom line I...
- On the other hand I think, believe, find, ...
- The flip side of...
- How I see this matter is ...
- My view point is...
- I would argue that...
- I would state infallibly that ...
- I still believe, think, feel...
- Let me restate my opinion, claim, belief, understanding...
- As far as I can see ...
- I discovered that ...
- After deep thought, consideration, study I...
- I find it intuitive/counterintuitive that ...
- My rationale is...
- I would tend to agree with this,_____ but, actually, however, in my opinion, yet, you will see ...
- Here's my take on …
- I feel that ...
- My point is...
Many, most, all, some people agree that..., ______ but..., actually..., however..., in my opinion..., yet..., you will see....____
[PDF]Argumentative Essay Examples Sentence Starters - Tabitha PangThe following are sentence starters or frames that you can start with ... The One Sentence Main Claim THESIS STATEMENT
[PDF]Claims, Claims, ClaimsFollowing are examples of descriptive thesis statements students write in high school. ... Arguable Claim. Opinion: —Twinkies are delicious. —I like dance music. ... Usually, it‟s important to address counterclaims in your writing. .... Correction: Don‟t confuse a claim, an argument for a thesis statement or a topic sentence.
[PDF]Useful Argumentative Essay Words and Phrases - is34.orgBelow are examples of signposts that are used in argumentative essays. Signposts ... Signposting sentences explain the logic of your argument. They tell the ...
[PDF]Model Argumentative Essay with Counterclaim and Rebuttal Topic ...Model Argumentative Essay with Counterclaim and Rebuttal. Topic: Argue whether ... Hook & Counterclaim. Thesis. Mention of claims. MAIN IDEA PARAGRAPH.
Missing: Opinion
[PDF]Claims, Reasoning, Evidencereasoning, evidence, and counterclaim;. □ Learn to write and ... writing power sentences for claims, reasoning, and evidence;. □ Employ ... Following are examples of descriptive thesis statements students write in high school. Each is drawn ...
[PDF]Fifth Grade Range of Writing Opinion Writing SamplesOpinion/Argument. Grade 5. Range of Writing. Global Warning. Deep in the Arctic a mother polar is returning from a long, hard day of hunting. But looking ahead ...
[PDF]5th grade Opinion Writing - Murfreesboro City Schools Teacher ...5th Grade- Opinion Writing Unit (6 weeks). 5.1 Write opinion ... Prompt Instruction Week (dissect prompts to determine appropriate response). MCS Opinion ...
[PDF]Grade 5 Opinion WritingGrade 5. Opinion Writing. Until two weeks ago, recess was really fun. But since the recess ladies said football was too dangerous and the school banned it,.
| INTRODUCTORY PHRASES | ||
In my opinion
I believe
It is my belief that |
There is no doubt that
From my point of view
It seems to me that |
I question whether
I (dis) agree with
I maintain that |
| CONCLUDING PHRASES | ||
For the reasons above
As you can see
As I have noted
In other words
On the whole |
In short
To be sure
Without a doubt
Obviously
Unquestionably |
In brief
Undoubtedly
In any case
Summarizing
In any event |
| SUPPORTING OPINIONS | ||
First Furthermore
Second In addition
Third Also
Finally Last |
Equally important
In the first place
Likewise |
Besides Further
Next Again
Moreover Similarly |
| INTRODUCING DETAILS | ||
For example
In fact |
For instance
As evidence | In support of this |
| CAUSE AND EFFECT | ||
Since
Because of
Due to
For this reason
Therefore
If…then |
Caused by
This results in
Consequently
Accordingly
As a result of
Leads to |
In effect
Brought about
Made possible
As might be expected
Give rise to
Was responsible for |
| COMPARE AND CONTRAST | ||
Similarly
Compared to
In like manner
On the other hand
Although
Even though |
Likewise
In the same way
Contrasting
On the contrary
As opposed to
Rather than
Nevertheless |
As well as
Have in common
All are
The same as
Conversely
Whether of not
In spite of |
| COUNTERING | ||
I realize you
I understand you
Even though you
Although you
Some people
It may be that you
Your idea to ____ deserves some meritAlthough this may be true, in contrast Different from Of course ..., but On the other hand On the contrary At the same time In spite of Or While Albeit Besides |
Believe
Feel
Maintain
Want
Favour
Support
Argue
StateEven so / Though Be that as it may Then again Above all In reality After all (And) Still Unlike Nonetheless Regardless Notwithstanding |
But
Yet
However
I doubt
I question
Let me explain
On the other hand
NeverthelessAs much as Even though Although Instead Whereas Despite Conversely Otherwise However Rather |






